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Selected literature on sample stability and pre-analytical standardization for platelet and leukocyte flow cytometry — the scientific foundation for our products, in human and veterinary research.
Platelet Flow Cytometry — Human
Cytometry Part B · 2025
Signal without noise: Practical antibody titration for platelet flow cytometry
Spurgeon BEJ et al.
Key insight: Standardizing sample handling under final assay conditions is critical for reproducibility — artifact introduced before analysis cannot be removed during data processing.
Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · 2021
Consensus recommendations on flow cytometry for the assessment of inherited and acquired disorders of platelet number and function
Frelinger AL et al. — ISTH SSC
Key insight: 11 experts from 10 countries reached uniform agreement on instrument standardization, but 25.9% of pre-analytical variable statements were rated "uncertain" — pointing directly to the need for standardized preservation solutions.
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · 2024
High-Dimensional Single-Cell Mass Cytometry Demonstrates Differential Platelet Functional Phenotypes in Infants With Congenital Heart Disease
Gu SX et al.
Key insight: High-parameter platelet phenotyping depends critically on sample handling quality — pre-analytical degradation limits the ability to distinguish true biological variation from artifact.
Leukocyte Immunophenotyping — Human
Pathology · 2024
Effects of blood sample storage time, temperature, anti-coagulants and blood stabiliser on lymphocyte phenotyping
Lao Y et al. — SA Pathology / University of Adelaide
Key insight: Storage time — but not temperature — altered several lymphocyte subset percentages in whole blood over 24-48 hours; using a chemical blood stabilization reagent reduced the range of subsets affected, supporting stabilization as a way to preserve accurate results during transport delays.
Transplantation Research · 2013
Standardization of whole blood immune phenotype monitoring for clinical trials: panels and methods from the ONE study
Streitz M et al. — the ONE Study Consortium
Key insight: A multi-center consortium developed standardized whole-blood immunophenotyping panels and methods specifically to make lymphocyte subset data comparable across clinical trial sites — standardized sample handling, not just standardized panels, is essential for multi-center immune monitoring.
Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry · 2004
Enumeration of lymphocyte subsets using flow cytometry: Effect of storage before and after staining in a developing country setting
Jalla S et al.
Key insight: In field-based studies requiring transport from a remote collection site to a central laboratory, both delayed staining and delayed analysis altered lymphocyte subset percentages compared to same-day processing — the same remote-collection challenge that motivates standardized sample stabilization.
Platelet Flow Cytometry — Veterinary
Veterinary Clinical Pathology · 2023
Extended sample storage for platelet function testing in healthy dogs
Dickinson M et al. — Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph
Key insight: Delayed platelet function testing in dogs is feasible, but expected value ranges shift with storage time compared to fresh samples — underscoring why time-stable, standardized sample handling matters before analysis.
Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care · 2026
Assessment of Platelet Storage Lesions, Viability, and Function in Canine Platelet Concentrate Units Stored at 4°C for 14 Days
Farrell KS et al. — UC Davis / North Carolina State University
Key insight: Flow cytometric P-selectin and phosphatidylserine expression in canine platelets varied with storage time and agonist exposure — demonstrating that platelet activation state is a moving target unless handling is standardized.
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine · 2018
A Remote Assay for Measuring Canine Platelet Activation and the Inhibitory Effects of Antiplatelet Agents
Dunning M et al. — University of Nottingham
Key insight: Delayed flow cytometric measurement of canine platelet P-selectin, performed well after collection, reliably detected antiplatelet drug effects — supporting remote, stabilized platelet activation assays as a viable approach in veterinary antiplatelet-response research.
Leukocyte Immunophenotyping — Veterinary
Veterinary Clinical Pathology · 2014
Stability of immunophenotypic lymphoid markers in fixed canine peripheral blood for flow cytometric analysis
Cian F et al. — University of Cambridge
Key insight: Comparing standard EDTA blood to a fixative-based stabilization tube in healthy dogs, CD3/CD4/CD8/CD21/CD45 expression remained more stable over a 7-day storage window in the stabilized samples — supporting chemical fixation as a viable approach to preserving canine lymphocyte immunophenotypes before analysis.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science · 2024
Adapting the SMART tube technology for flow cytometry in feline full blood samples
Zwicklbauer K et al. — Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Key insight: A fixative-based stabilization protocol adapted for feline whole blood allowed quantification of T-helper cells, cytotoxic T-cells, B-cells, monocytes, and neutrophils long after collection — demonstrating that standardized sample stabilization extends the practical window for feline immunophenotyping well beyond same-day analysis.
BMC Veterinary Research · 2020
Stability of canine and feline cerebrospinal fluid samples regarding total cell count and cell populations stored in TransFix/EDTA CSF sample storage tubes
Meier L et al. — University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover
Key insight: Untreated canine and feline CSF samples degrade quickly, compromising cytologic assessment, but flow cytometric cell counts remained significantly higher in samples stored using a stabilization reagent — reinforcing that standardized sample handling, not just rapid processing, determines whether a flow cytometry result reflects the original sample.
Cited as background literature. GENE TECH ENTS LTD is not affiliated with the authors.